Change and the Management of Change Essay Example for Free

metamorphose and the Management of channel EssayChange ManagementPlanning, Implementing, controlling, and reviewing the operation of an organization from its current state to a new oneCauses of ChangeExternalIncremental (Evolutionary)Occurs soft over time (fuel-efficient cars)Dramatic (Revolutionary)Can cause many problems especially if unexpectedMight introduce to total rethink of operation of organization oBusiness Process Re-EngineeringBusiness ProcessRe-EngineeringFundamentally rethinking and redesigning the military operationes of a business to compass a dramatic improvement in performanceGlobalization-Increasing interdependence for countries economies through free trade and multinational company investmentNew opportunities to sell products in other countriesIncreased competition from products made much cheaply in other countries-often by multinationalsUse either pan-global marketing for localization strategiesAchieve and decide to maintain a competitive advantageTech nological Advances-Leading to new products and new processesProducts new computer games, iPods and iPhones, hybrid-powered cars. Processes robots in production computer assisted design (CAD) in design offices and computer systems for stock control.Staff preparePurchase of new equipmentAdditions to product portfolio-Other products may be droppedNeed for quicker product development which may require new organizational mental synthesiss and teamsMacro-Economic Change-Fiscal Policy, Interest Rates, Business CycleChanges in consumers disposable incomes-and deal patterns that result from thisBoom or recession conditions-need for extra capacity or rationalismNeed for negotiable production systems (staff flexibility) to cope with demand channelisesExplain need for extra capacity or need to write outDeal with staff cutbacks in way that encourages staff who remain to accept change Legal ChangesChanges to what tidy sum be soldWorking hours and conditionsStaff training on company pol icyFlexible work hours and exercisesCompetitors ActionsNew productsLower pricesHigher promotional budgetsEncourage new ideas from staffIncrease efficiency by staff accepting need to change production methodsEnsure resources available to meet challengeenvironmental FactorsIncrease green consumerismIncreasing concern about industrys contribution to climate changeSocial and environmental audits supported by strategic changes (recycle packaging)InternalOrganizational ChangesDelayering*Matrix organize** re slurs gradableretrain of less senior staff to accept more responsibilityJob securityRetraining staff in teamwork and project managementRelocationMoving operations to another region/ soilRedundancy schemes for workers who lose their jobsGrants for those willing to moveCutting Costs To Improve CompetitivenessCapital-intensive rather that labor-intensive methodsRationalisation of operationsRetraining staff to operate advanced tech.Redundancy schemes for workers who lose their jobsFlex ible employ contracts and working practices*DelayeringRemoval of one or more of the levels of hierarchy from an organizational structure **Matrix StructureAn organizational structure that creates project teams that cut across traditional functional departments Level of HierarchyA stage of the organisational structure atwhich the personnel on it have equal status and authorityFactors Causing Resistance to ChangeFear of Unknown (Uncertainty)Fear of Failure (Skills/Abilities beyond workers capabilities)Losing Something of Value (Income, Status, Job Security) senseless Beliefs (Some convince themselves current system will work to avoid risks)Lack of Trust (Past experiences between workers and managers) inertia (Might have to work harder)Strategies to Reduce Impact of/Resistance to ChangeChange ManagementForce-Field AnalysisAn analytical process used to map the opposing forces within an environment (such as a business) where change is taking place1.Outline proposal for change2.List forc es for and against change3.Assign estimated score for each forceWeighs importance of forcesHelps identify who is most in all probability impacted by changeHow to strengthen forces supporting decision and reduce forces against it Can implement lead style that reduces opposition and resistance to change Project ChampionA person assigned to support and drive a project forward. Their role is to explain the benefits of change and assist and support the team putting change into practiceProject GroupsCreated by an organisation to address a problem that requires input from different specialistsPromote Change1.Establish a sense of urgency.2.Create an effective project team to lead the change.3.Develop a vision and a scheme for change.4.Communicate this change vision.5.Empower people to take action.6.Generate short-term gains from change that benefit as many people as possible.7.Consolidate these gains and produce even more change.8.Build change into the culture of the organisation so that it becomes a natural process.